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Tips & Tricks for Viva(Oral) Component of Orthopaedic Postgraduate Exams
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Tips & Tricks for Viva(Oral) Component of Orthopaedic Postgraduate Exams
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Segment:0 .
Most crucial labor table. That was the question I was asking. OK, that besides again, they want less trauma over our table. OK because this is our daily activity, we are doing this trauma daily in and out. OK hence, the margin of error is zero. And 90% of the entire results, if it's always correlate with the trauma marks.
If you just ask anyone how much, you know, kind of get in drama, the most of the guys who fell in trauma in the exams. OK most of the guys tend to be very, very careful in trauma. The problem with trauma station is. Because the marks are only two marks of Christians. Lacks crew, they can easily spoil your exam, like screw it. We know it's very easy, simple, we are going in and out.
But simple things like school is a very difficult topic to pass in the exam. OK, you can't miss any single step. Take it from me like screw, I can easily pull any of them when doing the practice and these lighting principles of plating absolute stability, relative stability, how we are going to do it like a female. Please pray to God. Don't get lax egawa Nakashima open fracture compartment syndrome.
These are the questions which can easily spoil the mood of your exam because there is only two months my examiners repeatedly saying lacks is regret for all you get. Seven that's it. There's no five or six flexo-pronator either you can do trauma. You can't do it from. I can't insist more than that lacks screw plating.
You need to mention it very, very clearly. Each and every step, and especially Nakashima young patient that is most important trap in question for any candidate. An open fracture you should smooth flow in an open fracture and compartment syndrome as well. Right how to approach trauma. I have just taken this, do not underestimate the problem with the trauma of this because we know them.
That's the problem because as soon as we see some X-ray necrophilia, we jump into it, we jump into it and answer them in the fast place and just get trapped. OK for example, I got a question in this exam. They show us spine X ray, which is inadequate X-ray. They asked me to comment about this point. All right. I can see that it's the facet. Joint dislocation.
Very obviously, OK. But it is. It is exactly 50% It is exactly 50% OK they wanted me to comment about that X-ray that it is inadequate. That's one point. The Canadian c-spine rule. Second, third thing. What do you think about this procedure in this location?
I don't. It's very difficult to comment. It's 50% OK what are you going to do? Then go for an mri? They asked me to find out, what do you find in the facet joint? It was literally asked me to point out where is the facet and where is the facet dislocation and what is the sign if you don't mention, where is the facet?
You feel whatever you wanted to say spinal shock. Neurogenic shock. They won't take you further. So that's what the X-rays spent time to describe. The x-rays will wait for the questions. What the examiner is going to ask. You smell the money where it's going to be and do not waste time on a clinical examination. You mentioned the X rays, all the findings because most of the X rays, what they show in trauma is a bit tricky.
Especially for pelvic open fracture. They will show the X-ray with the pelvic binder in the wrong place. If anyone point out that in the first shot that this pelvic bind in the wrong place, I make sure that put in the right place. They'll get seven straight away. OK these questions, these things, minor things, but you need to make sure you spot them, spot on the first X-rays and then you go the historically, nowadays the examiner, I'll get bored very well with its history, clinical examinations.
You make one sentence assuming it is done clinically clinical examination to make sure it's open microfracture or any neurological problem. That's it. One second, just finish up this whole story, and I will say everything is done is isolated. And then you focus on the management. Management is the key for trauma.
Whatever you wanted to mention, history, clinical examination, that means you're wasting time, you're not scoring marks. You have to explain the X-ray for 1 minute and then go for management. Management is the key here. Again, management, be non-operating, don't hesitate to say non-operated. Mentioned, this is what I'm going to do, this is what whatever you do the daily normal practice mentioned, but mention them with support with the literature.
Particularly if you tree dislocation, greater dislocation, I'm not going to operate unless the patient is very high demanding job over his activities, then you can argue with the literature. Again, if you stick on with one plan of treatment, stay there, don't change your mind. Because for me, the question they asked me, OK, this is the first lady you're going to treat. Non-operating agree the patient is not happy is coming after three months.
That it is a cosmetic. It is looking very proud. And so not having pain. What they're going to do still. I'll stay with my treatment. The patient is not happy. The patient is going to the pulse is going to put a complaint against you. Yes still, I will say the same.
I am not going to operate for the cosmetic deformity if the patient doesn't have any pain. I will leave it OK. The patient is going to complain against you. You're not going to change your mind. Well, as far as myself, I am not going to operate any patient for cosmetic. I will operate if there is a pain. Ok? if the patient does not agree with me, I'll get a second opinion from the colleague and look at this.
I will not treat this X-ray. Yes, I'm not going to treat the X-ray. I will see the patient. I will take a decision after seeing the patient. Stick to your guns. Whatever you daily do, stick to your guns if you change your plan. That's it. You fail again.
OK and both guidelines literature trauma is incomplete without any literature apart from these initial guidelines. Apart from these trials and trials has to be my new crystal clear detail number of patients. What was the study then? How was the study? What are the bias you need to know about these trials? Just to mention, proper trial would not help you.
For example, I'm telling you again, just keep a crystal clear data for each and every trial. There's only 7 points here to remember a number of patients. When was the study done? Who was the lead and what was it done? And what was the study? And what was the bias and what was the critics about it? That's all you need to know about each and every trial, but only these many trials for common scenarios.
Please practice these trials. Take a sad note and practice next. No, your limitation for complex cases. Tell them clearly, I haven't done myself and I will refer to them if it is a pelvic open fracture, pelvic surgeon, spine spine surgeon. Make sure you don't operate new surgery under your table. That is again failed. If you wanted to commit something just by looking at the knowledge, then you will be failed.
You have to say what you've done. They wanted to know what are the clinical outcome and what you are going to do, especially for prostate dislocation. What are you going to do and why? A approach? Yes that's how I should do. That's what you have to be able to reduce it. OK, what will you do?
The particular question or approach for the posture dislocation use Fukuda. This is a clinical nobody will reduce the posterior dislocation. Without that, you mentioned, I should have the Fukuda that starts. It will be happy. And then we ask about literature and approach. Make sure you reach the approach, along with the literature on all the trauma where your topics, that means you are in the comfort zone, you are comfortable the approach.
These are the four things they are marking on not everything position landmarks explain. Structures address. These are the four things they can list all the things they don't hear. OK, OK, that's fine. That's funny. Go to the next question. Landmarks in the numbers plain text.
Visitors keep this approach for whenever you practicing approaches. Keep this one clear. Right next, basic science. Basic science should be under our sleeves, we don't give up to the examining. The way to pass these basic science is to know the definition for all 29 topics. There are only 29 topics for this exam Viva for basic things I can list.
What are the topics? These are only pertinent topics prepared definition for each and everything articular cartilage. You can't make it different because basic science is the place where nobody mentioned about literature. To be very specific, especially basic science, to score better marks to score good marks after coming through two or three candidates, the examiners get bored to make the examiner throw the literature.
Articular cartilage has six literature. If you throw the six letters and articular cartilage along with the diagram, that's it. You will get eight. OK, so each of the examiners make the examiners that somebody they're just gaining today, sloggett well, basic science, no mercy. You have to keep it under your sleeves.
Make sure that you can bail out yourself if you know, very well, basic science. Any station, anywhere, if I divert into three spaces, ok? And it's going to be one acute scenario. They have to ask about a scenario. This is the first the day that could be trauma or it could be infection. It could be human bite injury or it could be trauma related to any kind of dislocation.
They would ask about elective, which is lax next year, right? It could be anything. And they have to ask about anatomy guided slide pathology. So there are all sorts of anatomy dissection, so it could be a sensor compartment, or it could be useful and they will take it from there. And again, no pathology. So these are the curriculum that are mentioned very clearly in the first, Yes.
So they have to ask on these topics for hands. It is everywhere in the curriculum you go through that. These are the things that are to test you. OK next, pediatrics. Pediatrics is the only place where you're going to see a specialized guy. OK and you have to be very clear with the principles you can play around with them. Right again, divided into three, I Kessler.
They have to ask you about an approach. All day one consultant should know about Smith Peterson approach because you have to wash out at some time. Anyone refer a septic hip to a pediatric surgeon will fail. Take it from me, I know personally, a candidate who told I'm going to refer to the pediatric surgeon straight frame. So this is a day one consultant, any places in a single hospital should do it.
So any infections, acute situations. And trauma trauma always keep an eye on non-accidental injury. This is very, very important. Any trauma first to tell them, I want to make sure it's not an accidental injury. Then, OK, it's not done. Then you go to the proper topic and the big topic expertise, et Sufi. These for you, forget any time.
You just have to nail it with some literature. That would be one of the questions that is a bit of miscellaneous topics they've asked. But again, the miscellaneous topics are only on principles. It's a legal and legal, deformed legal and discrepancy principles. It can come in, be awara Blount's disease or tibial Boeing or related to scoliosis or cerebral palsy. These things you don't know about the principles.
Very unlikely candidates, Democrat neonatal problems, neonatal problems, or basically you are asking examined one zero one-day-old child having problems. It could brachial plexus arguably congenital dislocations very rarely. On third occasions they ask these questions and that especially they were asked on the day two of the Labor Day when they are asking this question, I don't know why they do.
They're asking these two questions. This neonatal trauma brachial plexus knee dislocation, the key in the knee dislocation is you need to Sato the knee before going into the hip. That's the game behind it. The patient may have died. At the same time, the patient had a congenital knee dislocation unless you sort the knee dislocation. You can't put them in public.
That is the key behind it. Next, Allen pathology. It is examiner's table, ok? It is, it is that table they can play with you like anything. It is a war between our theory knowledge and the examiner's experience. So hence play it sensibly and humble. Start with always non operative and then go to focus. If you pass decently with the oral pathology, that's all you can do.
If you do very well, that's well in good. I used to wonder there are four tables, including pediatrics. It's like five tables. How to revise these topics whenever I do clinical examination, I do revise adult pathology. That is easy for us because one table is less. When you are practicing clinical examination, do adult pathology, shoulder examination, talk about shoulder rotator cuff property that you can finish the table like that.
What do you need to know to pass this exam? You need to have 90% of orthopedic experience. I want to acknowledge as well orthopedic clinical experience, if you like, there are some controversies.
Segment:0 .
Most crucial labor table. That was the question I was asking. OK, that besides again, they want less trauma over our table. OK because this is our daily activity, we are doing this trauma daily in and out. OK hence, the margin of error is zero. And 90% of the entire results, if it's always correlate with the trauma marks.
If you just ask anyone how much, you know, kind of get in drama, the most of the guys who fell in trauma in the exams. OK most of the guys tend to be very, very careful in trauma. The problem with trauma station is. Because the marks are only two marks of Christians. Lacks crew, they can easily spoil your exam, like screw it. We know it's very easy, simple, we are going in and out.
But simple things like school is a very difficult topic to pass in the exam. OK, you can't miss any single step. Take it from me like screw, I can easily pull any of them when doing the practice and these lighting principles of plating absolute stability, relative stability, how we are going to do it like a female. Please pray to God. Don't get lax egawa Nakashima open fracture compartment syndrome.
These are the questions which can easily spoil the mood of your exam because there is only two months my examiners repeatedly saying lacks is regret for all you get. Seven that's it. There's no five or six flexo-pronator either you can do trauma. You can't do it from. I can't insist more than that lacks screw plating.
You need to mention it very, very clearly. Each and every step, and especially Nakashima young patient that is most important trap in question for any candidate. An open fracture you should smooth flow in an open fracture and compartment syndrome as well. Right how to approach trauma. I have just taken this, do not underestimate the problem with the trauma of this because we know them.
That's the problem because as soon as we see some X-ray necrophilia, we jump into it, we jump into it and answer them in the fast place and just get trapped. OK for example, I got a question in this exam. They show us spine X ray, which is inadequate X-ray. They asked me to comment about this point. All right. I can see that it's the facet. Joint dislocation.
Very obviously, OK. But it is. It is exactly 50% It is exactly 50% OK they wanted me to comment about that X-ray that it is inadequate. That's one point. The Canadian c-spine rule. Second, third thing. What do you think about this procedure in this location?
I don't. It's very difficult to comment. It's 50% OK what are you going to do? Then go for an mri? They asked me to find out, what do you find in the facet joint? It was literally asked me to point out where is the facet and where is the facet dislocation and what is the sign if you don't mention, where is the facet?
You feel whatever you wanted to say spinal shock. Neurogenic shock. They won't take you further. So that's what the X-rays spent time to describe. The x-rays will wait for the questions. What the examiner is going to ask. You smell the money where it's going to be and do not waste time on a clinical examination. You mentioned the X rays, all the findings because most of the X rays, what they show in trauma is a bit tricky.
Especially for pelvic open fracture. They will show the X-ray with the pelvic binder in the wrong place. If anyone point out that in the first shot that this pelvic bind in the wrong place, I make sure that put in the right place. They'll get seven straight away. OK these questions, these things, minor things, but you need to make sure you spot them, spot on the first X-rays and then you go the historically, nowadays the examiner, I'll get bored very well with its history, clinical examinations.
You make one sentence assuming it is done clinically clinical examination to make sure it's open microfracture or any neurological problem. That's it. One second, just finish up this whole story, and I will say everything is done is isolated. And then you focus on the management. Management is the key for trauma.
Whatever you wanted to mention, history, clinical examination, that means you're wasting time, you're not scoring marks. You have to explain the X-ray for 1 minute and then go for management. Management is the key here. Again, management, be non-operating, don't hesitate to say non-operated. Mentioned, this is what I'm going to do, this is what whatever you do the daily normal practice mentioned, but mention them with support with the literature.
Particularly if you tree dislocation, greater dislocation, I'm not going to operate unless the patient is very high demanding job over his activities, then you can argue with the literature. Again, if you stick on with one plan of treatment, stay there, don't change your mind. Because for me, the question they asked me, OK, this is the first lady you're going to treat. Non-operating agree the patient is not happy is coming after three months.
That it is a cosmetic. It is looking very proud. And so not having pain. What they're going to do still. I'll stay with my treatment. The patient is not happy. The patient is going to the pulse is going to put a complaint against you. Yes still, I will say the same.
I am not going to operate for the cosmetic deformity if the patient doesn't have any pain. I will leave it OK. The patient is going to complain against you. You're not going to change your mind. Well, as far as myself, I am not going to operate any patient for cosmetic. I will operate if there is a pain. Ok? if the patient does not agree with me, I'll get a second opinion from the colleague and look at this.
I will not treat this X-ray. Yes, I'm not going to treat the X-ray. I will see the patient. I will take a decision after seeing the patient. Stick to your guns. Whatever you daily do, stick to your guns if you change your plan. That's it. You fail again.
OK and both guidelines literature trauma is incomplete without any literature apart from these initial guidelines. Apart from these trials and trials has to be my new crystal clear detail number of patients. What was the study then? How was the study? What are the bias you need to know about these trials? Just to mention, proper trial would not help you.
For example, I'm telling you again, just keep a crystal clear data for each and every trial. There's only 7 points here to remember a number of patients. When was the study done? Who was the lead and what was it done? And what was the study? And what was the bias and what was the critics about it? That's all you need to know about each and every trial, but only these many trials for common scenarios.
Please practice these trials. Take a sad note and practice next. No, your limitation for complex cases. Tell them clearly, I haven't done myself and I will refer to them if it is a pelvic open fracture, pelvic surgeon, spine spine surgeon. Make sure you don't operate new surgery under your table. That is again failed. If you wanted to commit something just by looking at the knowledge, then you will be failed.
You have to say what you've done. They wanted to know what are the clinical outcome and what you are going to do, especially for prostate dislocation. What are you going to do and why? A approach? Yes that's how I should do. That's what you have to be able to reduce it. OK, what will you do?
The particular question or approach for the posture dislocation use Fukuda. This is a clinical nobody will reduce the posterior dislocation. Without that, you mentioned, I should have the Fukuda that starts. It will be happy. And then we ask about literature and approach. Make sure you reach the approach, along with the literature on all the trauma where your topics, that means you are in the comfort zone, you are comfortable the approach.
These are the four things they are marking on not everything position landmarks explain. Structures address. These are the four things they can list all the things they don't hear. OK, OK, that's fine. That's funny. Go to the next question. Landmarks in the numbers plain text.
Visitors keep this approach for whenever you practicing approaches. Keep this one clear. Right next, basic science. Basic science should be under our sleeves, we don't give up to the examining. The way to pass these basic science is to know the definition for all 29 topics. There are only 29 topics for this exam Viva for basic things I can list.
What are the topics? These are only pertinent topics prepared definition for each and everything articular cartilage. You can't make it different because basic science is the place where nobody mentioned about literature. To be very specific, especially basic science, to score better marks to score good marks after coming through two or three candidates, the examiners get bored to make the examiner throw the literature.
Articular cartilage has six literature. If you throw the six letters and articular cartilage along with the diagram, that's it. You will get eight. OK, so each of the examiners make the examiners that somebody they're just gaining today, sloggett well, basic science, no mercy. You have to keep it under your sleeves.
Make sure that you can bail out yourself if you know, very well, basic science. Any station, anywhere, if I divert into three spaces, ok? And it's going to be one acute scenario. They have to ask about a scenario. This is the first the day that could be trauma or it could be infection. It could be human bite injury or it could be trauma related to any kind of dislocation.
They would ask about elective, which is lax next year, right? It could be anything. And they have to ask about anatomy guided slide pathology. So there are all sorts of anatomy dissection, so it could be a sensor compartment, or it could be useful and they will take it from there. And again, no pathology. So these are the curriculum that are mentioned very clearly in the first, Yes.
So they have to ask on these topics for hands. It is everywhere in the curriculum you go through that. These are the things that are to test you. OK next, pediatrics. Pediatrics is the only place where you're going to see a specialized guy. OK and you have to be very clear with the principles you can play around with them. Right again, divided into three, I Kessler.
They have to ask you about an approach. All day one consultant should know about Smith Peterson approach because you have to wash out at some time. Anyone refer a septic hip to a pediatric surgeon will fail. Take it from me, I know personally, a candidate who told I'm going to refer to the pediatric surgeon straight frame. So this is a day one consultant, any places in a single hospital should do it.
So any infections, acute situations. And trauma trauma always keep an eye on non-accidental injury. This is very, very important. Any trauma first to tell them, I want to make sure it's not an accidental injury. Then, OK, it's not done. Then you go to the proper topic and the big topic expertise, et Sufi. These for you, forget any time.
You just have to nail it with some literature. That would be one of the questions that is a bit of miscellaneous topics they've asked. But again, the miscellaneous topics are only on principles. It's a legal and legal, deformed legal and discrepancy principles. It can come in, be awara Blount's disease or tibial Boeing or related to scoliosis or cerebral palsy. These things you don't know about the principles.
Very unlikely candidates, Democrat neonatal problems, neonatal problems, or basically you are asking examined one zero one-day-old child having problems. It could brachial plexus arguably congenital dislocations very rarely. On third occasions they ask these questions and that especially they were asked on the day two of the Labor Day when they are asking this question, I don't know why they do.
They're asking these two questions. This neonatal trauma brachial plexus knee dislocation, the key in the knee dislocation is you need to Sato the knee before going into the hip. That's the game behind it. The patient may have died. At the same time, the patient had a congenital knee dislocation unless you sort the knee dislocation. You can't put them in public.
That is the key behind it. Next, Allen pathology. It is examiner's table, ok? It is, it is that table they can play with you like anything. It is a war between our theory knowledge and the examiner's experience. So hence play it sensibly and humble. Start with always non operative and then go to focus. If you pass decently with the oral pathology, that's all you can do.
If you do very well, that's well in good. I used to wonder there are four tables, including pediatrics. It's like five tables. How to revise these topics whenever I do clinical examination, I do revise adult pathology. That is easy for us because one table is less. When you are practicing clinical examination, do adult pathology, shoulder examination, talk about shoulder rotator cuff property that you can finish the table like that.
What do you need to know to pass this exam? You need to have 90% of orthopedic experience. I want to acknowledge as well orthopedic clinical experience, if you like, there are some controversies.
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