Name: Car-T and Car-NK cell therapy development
Uploaded: 2023-06-27T00:00:00.0000000
Duration: T00H03M24S
Description: Car-T and Car-NK cell therapy development

Name: Car-T and Car-NK cell therapy development

Description: Car-T and Car-NK cell therapy development

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Upload Date: 2023-06-27T00:00:00.0000000

Transcript: Language: EN.
Segment:0 .
[MUSIC PLAYING]
BEATRICE BOWLBY: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, which involves the engineering of a patient's own T-cells to eliminate tumor cells has revolutionized cancer treatment. This highly personalized immunotherapy typically starts by collecting T-cells from the patient's peripheral blood. These T-cells are then genetically modified often using viral vectors to express CARs on their surface before being expanded into millions in the lab.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: After quality control testing, the final step is the re-infusion of the CAR T-cells back into the patient to attack cancer cells. CARs are modular synthetic molecules comprising four components, an extracellular antigen-binding domain that is most commonly a single chain variable fragment derived from a specific monoclonal antibody, a hinge region, a transmembrane portion and an intracellular signaling domain that triggers cell activation.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: CARs redirect T-cell cytotoxicity toward tumor cells expressing a specific antigen. When the extracellular domain binds to the target antigen on tumor cells, the intracellular domain mediates T-cell activation and antitumor responses. Despite that considerable success, CAR-T therapies still have limitations, including limited efficacy against solid tumors, CAR T-cell associated cytokine release syndrome, or CRS and neurotoxicity, on-target off-tumor effects, and antigen escape.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: Additionally, using autologous T-cells as a source material to prevent graft versus host disease or GVHD requires individualized collection, modification, and expansion processes that limit the scalability and accessibility of autologous CAR-T therapy. Given these limitations, there is growing interest in exploring core natural killer cells as an alternative to CAR T-cells due to their promising preclinical and clinical results.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: CAR-NK cells offer unique advantages. They can be generated from various sources as allogeneic, CAR-NK cells don't cause GVHD, making them attractive candidates for universal off-the-shelf immunotherapy. CAR-NK cell therapies have demonstrated superior safety profiles with low risk for CRS and neurotoxicity. Furthermore, CAR-NK cells identify and eliminate cancer cells through both CAR-dependent and CAR-independent mechanisms, boosting antitumor efficacy.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: Nevertheless, there are still hurdles to overcome in CAR-NK cell therapy. Major roadblocks include their limited expansion, ex vivo, lack of durable persistence and survival, in vivo, inefficient trafficking and infiltration into tumor sites, and susceptibility to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. While there are obstacles, potential strategies continue to evolve and may pave the way for more accessible, more effective, and safer CAR-NK and CAR-T therapies.
BEATRICE BOWLBY: Comprehensive solutions for CAR-T and CAR-NK therapy development are available, such as Sino Biologicals one-stop reagents and CRO services, covering the entire process from CAR development to CAR-T and CAR-NK cell quality control. To find out more about CAR-T and CAR-NK cell therapies, check out our In Focus with Sino Biological on www.BioTechniques.com.

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